Journalist, News Analysts, Reporters, And Correspondents

Journalists research, investigate, interpret and communicate news and public affairs through newspapers, television, radio and other media. Journalists may specialize in print, broadcast or Web cast media, in particular, issues such as political affairs or entertainment news, or in a particular geographic area.

Journalists are employed by radio and television networks and stations, newspapers and magazines and many also work on a freelance basis. News analysts, reporters, and correspondents play a key role in our society. They gather information, prepare stories, and make broadcasts that inform us about local, State, national, and international events; present points of view on current issues; and report on the actions of public officials, corporate executives, special-interest groups, and others who exercise power.

Journalists are familiar with performing some or all of the following duties:

• Collect local, national and international news through interviews, investigation and observation
• Write news stories for publication and broadcast
• Receive, analyze and verify news and other copy for accuracy
• Arrange for and conduct interviews as part of research and for radio and television programs
• Research and report on developments in specialized fields such as medicine, science and technology
• Prepare regular feature columns and stories on specialized topics
• Write editorials and commentaries on topics of current interest to stimulate public interest and express the views of a publication or broadcasting station
• Write critical reviews of literary, musical and other artistic works based on knowledge, judgment and experience.

Most employers prefer experienced individuals with a bachelor's degree in journalism or mass communications. Competition will be keen for jobs at large metropolitan and national newspapers, broadcast stations, and magazines; most entry-level openings arise at small broadcast stations and publications. Jobs often involve irregular hours, night and weekend work, and pressure to meet deadlines.

Careers in journalism is expected to grow somewhat more slowly than the average for all occupations through the year 2012-the result of mergers, consolidations, and closures of newspapers; decreased circulation; increased expenses; and a decline in advertising profits. In addition to consolidation of local newspaper and television and radio station ownership, increasing competition for viewers from cable networks also should limit employment growth.

Some job growth is expected in new media areas, such as online newspapers and magazines. Job openings also will result from the need to replace workers who leave their occupations permanently. Some news analysts, reporters, and correspondents find the work too stressful and hectic or do not like the lifestyle, and transfer to other occupations.

Employment requirements include a university degree or college diploma in journalism or a related field such as communications is usually required. Experienced reporters may advance to editorial positions (print media) or become producers (broadcast media).

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